According to political theory, what is a primary function of political parties?

The primary function of political parties, as understood in political theory, is to provide a structure for elected officials. Political parties organize individuals who share similar ideologies and policy preferences, allowing them to collaborate and coordinate their efforts within the political system. This structural framework helps streamline the legislative process, as parties can establish a unified platform that guides their members in creating, debating, and passing legislation. By forming a cohesive group, parties can effectively mobilize voters, communicate political messages, and present clear alternatives to the electorate during elections.

In contrast, the other options do not reflect the established role of political parties in a democratic system. The idea that a party should ensure only one party remains in power contradicts the fundamental principles of democracy, which thrive on competition and pluralism. Similarly, the notion of eliminating political competition runs counter to the essential function of political parties to represent diverse viewpoints within a society. Finally, while parties may act independently in certain contexts, they are fundamentally rooted in citizen engagement and representation, making the concept of serving as an independent body from citizens inconsistent with their primary role in a democracy.